Electrical shock protection: Each luminaire is insulated so that any exposed metal parts do not carry electrical current. Parts that carry current during normal operation must be protected against contact either by insulation or a suitable cover. Additional measures are taken to prevent exposed metal parts carrying current even if an insulation fault occurs.
Class I [...]
Main organizations in lighting industry
CIE: Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage.
The International Commission on Illumination – also known as the CIE from its French title The international light commission. Sets most lighting standards.(See web:www.cie.co.at)
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission
Founded in 1906 with British scientist Lord Kelvin as its first president, the IEC has a long history of service to [...]
Material abbreviation
PC
Plastic, Polycarbonate
PS
Plastic, Polystyrene
PP
Plastic, Polypropylene
PMMA
Plastic, Polymethyl methacrylate, Acrylic glass, Plexiglas
ABS
Plastic, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
SS
Stainless steel
AI
Aluminium
Unit of measurement: lumens per watt [lm/W] Luminous efficacy indicates the efficiency with which the electrical power consumed is converted into light. It is measured in lumens per watt (lm/W). The luminous efficacy of conventional incandescent lamps (such as R5 W) is typically 10 lm/W, that of tungsten-halogen lamps (such as H7) 26 lm/W, and [...]
Unit of measurement: Kelvin [K] The colour temperature of a light source is defined in comparison with a “black body radiator” and plotted on what is known as the “Planckian curve” as seen in below figure . The higher the temperature of this “black body radiator” the greater the blue component in the spectrum and [...]
The Comparison of different Lamp Sources
LAMP COMPARISON CHART *
WATTS
LUMENS
LUMEN / WATT
min.START TEMP.
STARTUP TIME
RESTRIKE TIME
AVG. LIFETIME
COLOR TEMP.
INCANDESCENT
40w
480
12
-40°
instant
instant
1000 h
2700k
60w
890
15
-40°
instant
instant
1000 h
2700k
75w
1,200
16
-40°
instant
instant
1000 h
2700k
100w
1,700
17
-40°
instant
instant
1000 h
2700k
150w
2,550
17
-40°
instant
instant
1000 h
2700k
TUNGSTEN HALOGEN
35w
900
26
-40°
instant
instant
3500 h
3000k
50w
1300
26
-40°
instant
instant
3500 h
3000k
65w
1,700
26
-40°
instant
instant
3500 h
3000k
LED (white)
0.03-5w
18-115
-40°
instant
instant
50,000 – 100,000 h
2700-10,000k
COMPACT FLUORESCENT
PL13w
1,050
81
-20°
.5 to 5 sec.
1 sec.
10,000 h
2700-6500k
QUAD 28w
1,500
57
0°
.5 to 5 sec.
1 sec.
10,000 h
2700-6500k
CF26w
1,800
69
-20°
.5 to 5 sec.
1 sec.
10,000 h
2700-6500k
CF32w
2,400
75
-20°
.5 to 5 sec.
1 sec.
10,000 h
2700-6500k
CF42w
3,200
76
-20°
.5 to 5 sec.
1 sec.
10,000 [...]
Luminous Intensity Distribution Curve
Luminous intensity distribution curves are typically represented in polar plots because this format allows us to visualise both the orientation and the light distribution of the light fixture. The candlepower distribution of a light fixture depends upon reflector design, shielding type, and lamp-ballast selection. It is assumed that the light fixture position [...]
Visual light
What is the Light ? Light is an electromagnetic (later referred as EM) radiation with a wavelength that is visible to the eye. The visible spectrum is the portion of the EM spectrum that is visible to (can be detected by) the human eye. EM radiation in this range of wavelengths is called visible [...]
These are the building blocks for an effective LED Message Display for your application and business location. Please read carefully, this is the basic information you should know when purchasing a LED Display.
To start
Pixels are the actual dots that create the text or images. Within each pixel are the actual lights or diodes called LEDs [...]
An introduction to Solid State Lighting
Solid-state lighting (SSL) is the new lighting technology to emerge for many years: it uses semi-conducting materials to convert electricity into light. The term “solid state” refers to the fact that light in an LED is emitted from a solid object (a block of semiconductor) rather than from a vacuum [...]